Insight into trade-off between wood decay and parasitism from the genome of a fungal forest pathogen.

Ake Olson (1) , Andrea Aerts (2) , Fred Asiegbu (3) , Lassaâd Belbahri (4) , Ourdia Bouzid (5) , Anders Broberg (6) , Björn Canbäck (1) , Pedro M Coutinho (7) , Dan Cullen (8) , Kerstin Dalman (1) , Giuliana Deflorio (9) , Linda T A van Diepen (10) , Christophe Dunand (11) , Sébastien Duplessis (12) , Mikael Durling (1) , Paul Gonthier (13) , Jane Grimwood (14) , Carl Gunnar Fossdal (15) , David Hansson (1) , Bernard Henrissat (7) , Ari Hietala (15) , Kajsa Himmelstrand (1) , Dirk Hoffmeister (16) , Nils Högberg (1) , Timothy y James (10) , Magnus Karlsson (1) , Annegret Kohler (12) , Ursula Kues (17) , Yong-Hwan Lee (18) , Yao-Cheng Lin (19) , Mårten Lind (1) , Erika Lindquist (2) , Vincent Lombard (7) , Susan Lucas (2) , Karl Lundén (1) , Emmanuelle Morin (12) , Claude Murat (12) , Jongsun Park (18) , Tommaso Raffaello (3) , Pierre Rouzé (19) , Asaf Salamov (2) , Jeremy Schmutz (14) , Halvor Solheim (15) , Jerry Ståhlberg (1) , Heriberto Vélëz (1) , Ronald P de Vries (5, 20) , Ad Wiebenga (20) , Steve Woodward (9) , Igor Yakovlev (15) , Matteo Garbelotto (21) , Francis Martin (12) , Igor V. Grigoriev (2) , Jan Stenlid (1)

1 SLU - Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences = Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet
2 JGI - Joint Genome Institute
3 Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki
4 Laboratory of Soil Biology
5 Universiteit Utrecht / Utrecht University [Utrecht]
6 Department of Chemistry
7 AFMB - Architecture et fonction des macromolécules biologiques
8 Forest Products Laboratory
9 University of Aberdeen
10 University of Michigan [Ann Arbor]
11 Dynamique et Evolution des Parois cellulaires végétales
12 IAM - Interactions Arbres-Microorganismes
13 Universita di Torino
14 Hudson Alpha Institute for Biotechnology
15 The Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute
16 Friedrich-Schiller-Universität = Friedrich Schiller University Jena [Jena, Germany]
17 Georg-August-University = Georg-August-Universität Göttingen
18 SNU - Seoul National University [Seoul]
19 UGENT - Universiteit Gent = Ghent University
20 CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre
21 UC - University of California

Parasitism and saprotrophic wood decay are two fungal strategies fundamental for succession and nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems. An opportunity to assess the trade-off between these strategies is provided by the forest pathogen and wood decayer Heterobasidion annosum sensu lato. We report the annotated genome sequence and transcript profiling, as well as the quantitative trait loci mapping, of one member of the species complex: H. irregulare. Quantitative trait loci critical for pathogenicity, and rich in transposable elements, orphan and secreted genes, were identified. A wide range of cellulose-degrading enzymes are expressed during wood decay. By contrast, pathogenic interaction between H. irregulare and pine engages fewer carbohydrate-active enzymes, but involves an increase in pectinolytic enzymes, transcription modules for oxidative stress and secondary metabolite production. Our results show a trade-off in terms of constrained carbohydrate decomposition and membrane transport capacity during interaction with living hosts. Our findings establish that saprotrophic wood decay and necrotrophic parasitism involve two distinct, yet overlapping, processes.

Mots clés: GENOME; HETEROBASIDION; PATHOLOGY; SAPROTROPHY; TRADE-OFF; WOOD DECAY

Mots clés: PARASITISM

Domaines: Sciences du Vivant [q-bio]

Ake Olson, Andrea Aerts, Fred Asiegbu, Lassaâd Belbahri, Ourdia Bouzid, et al.. Insight into trade-off between wood decay and parasitism from the genome of a fungal forest pathogen.. New Phytologist, 2012, 194 (4), pp.1001-1013. ⟨10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04128.x⟩. ⟨hal-02649642⟩