Comparative Evaluation of the Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Cadmium in amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl) Using the Comet Assay and tghe Micronucleus Test

Florence Mouchet (1) , Laury Gauthier (1) , Magalie Baudrimont (2) , P. Gonzalez (2) , Corinne Mailhes (3, 4, 5) , V. Ferrier (6) , A. Devaux (7, 8)

1 LEFE - Laboratoire Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Environnement
2 EPOC - Environnements et Paléoenvironnements OCéaniques
3 IRIT-SC - Signal et Communications
4 Toulouse INP - Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse)
5 TESA - Laboratoire de recherche coopératif dans les télécommunications spatiales et aéronautiques
6 CBD - Centre de biologie du développement
7 LSE-ENTPE - Laboratoire des Sciences de l'Environnement
8 ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État

The toxic and genotoxic potential of Cadmium (CdCl2) were evaluated by the micronucleus test (MNT) and comet assay (CA) using amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl). Acute toxicity results showed that Cd is toxic to Xenopus larvae exposed from 2 to 50 mg/L and to Pleurodeles from 5 to 50 mg/L, depending on the nature of the water (reconstituted water containing mineral salts or mineral water MW (Volvic®)). The MNT results obtained in MW showed that Cd (2 mg/L) is genotoxic to Xenopus, whereas it was not genotoxic to Pleurodeles at all concentrations tested. The CA established that the genotoxicity of Cd to Xenopus and Pleurodeles larvae depends on the concentration, the exposure times, and the comet parameters (Tail DNA, ETM, OTM, and TL). The CA and MNT results were compared for their ability to detect genotoxic effects, considering the concentrations of Cd applied and the exposure time. The CA showed Cd to be genotoxic from the first day of exposure. In amphibians, the CA appears to be a sensitive and suitable method for detecting genotoxicity such as that caused by Cd.

Domaines: Biologie cellulaire

Florence Mouchet, Laury Gauthier, Magalie Baudrimont, P. Gonzalez, Corinne Mailhes, et al.. Comparative Evaluation of the Toxicity and Genotoxicity of Cadmium in amphibian larvae (Xenopus laevis and Pleurodeles waltl) Using the Comet Assay and tghe Micronucleus Test. Environmental Toxicology, 2007, 22 (4), pp.422-435. ⟨10.1002/tox.20267⟩. ⟨hal-00167212⟩