Improvement of range-free localization technology by a novel DV-hop protocol in wireless sensor networks

Linqing Gui (1) , Thierry Val (2, 3) , Anne Wei (4) , Réjane Dalcé (2)

1 NJUST - Nanjing University of Science and Technology
2 IRIT-RMESS - Réseaux, Mobiles, Embarqués, Sans fil, Satellites
3 UT2J - Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès
4 CEDRIC - Centre d'études et de recherche en informatique et communications

Localization is a fundamental issue for many applications in wireless sensor networks. Without the need of additional ranging devices, the range-free localization technology is a cost-effective solution for low-cost indoor and outdoor wireless sensor networks. Among range-free algorithms, DV-hop (Distance Vector - hop) has the advantage to localize the mobile nodes which has less than three neighbour anchors. Based on the original DV-hop algorithm, this paper presents two improved algorithms (Checkout DV-hop and Selective 3-Anchor DV-hop). Checkout DV-hop algorithm estimates the mobile node position by using the nearest anchor, while Selective 3-Anchor DV-hop algorithm chooses the best 3 anchors to improve localization accuracy. Then, in order to implement these DV-hop based algorithms in network scenarios, a novel DV-hop localization protocol is proposed. This new protocol is presented in detail in this paper, including the format of data payloads, the improved collision reduction method E-CSMA/CA, as well as parameters used in deciding the end of each DV-hop step. Finally, using our localization protocol, we investigate the performance of typical DV-hop based algorithms in terms of localization accuracy, mobility, synchronization and overhead. Simulation results prove that Selective 3-Anchor DV-hop algorithm offers the best performance compared to Checkout DV-hop and the original DV-hop algorithm.

Mots clés: Wireless sensor networks; Localization; Range-free; DV-hop; Protocol; Simulation

Domaines: Réseaux et télécommunications [cs.NI]; Système d'exploitation [cs.OS]; Architectures Matérielles [cs.AR]; Systèmes embarqués

Linqing Gui, Thierry Val, Anne Wei, Réjane Dalcé. Improvement of range-free localization technology by a novel DV-hop protocol in wireless sensor networks. Ad Hoc Networks, 2015, vol. 24 (Part B), pp. 55-73. ⟨10.1016/j.adhoc.2014.07.025⟩. ⟨hal-01153935⟩