INTEGRAL upper limits on gamma-ray emission associated with the gravitational wave event GW150914
Résumé
Using observations of the INTErnational Gamma-Ray Astrophysics Laboratory (INTEGRAL), we place upper limits on the gamma-ray and hard X-ray prompt emission associated with the gravitational wave event GW150914, which was discovered by the LIGO/Virgo Collaboration. The omnidirectional view of the INTEGRAL/SPI-ACS has allowed us to constrain the fraction of energy emitted in the hard X-ray electromagnetic component for the full high-probability sky region of LIGO triggers. Our upper limits on the hard X-ray fluence at the time of the event range from ${F}_{\gamma }=2\times {10}^{-8}$ erg cm(−)(2) to ${F}_{\gamma }={10}^{-6}$ erg cm(−)(2) in the 75 keV–2 MeV energy range for typical spectral models. Our results constrain the ratio of the energy promptly released in gamma-rays in the direction of the observer to the gravitational wave energy E${}_{\gamma }/$E${}_{\mathrm{GW}}\lt {10}^{-6}$. We discuss the implication of gamma-ray limits for the characteristics of the gravitational wave source, based on the available predictions for prompt electromagnetic emission.