GLINT: Gravitational-wave laser INterferometry triangle
Résumé
When the universe was roughly one billion years old, supermassive black holes (10$^{3}$-10$^{6}$ solar masses) already existed. The occurrence of supermassive black holes on such short time scales are poorly understood in terms of their physical or evolutionary processes. Our current understanding is limited by the lack of observational data due the limits of electromagnetic radiation. Gravitational waves as predicted by the theory of general relativity have provided us with the means to probe deeper into the history of the universe. During the ESA Alpach Summer School of 2015, a group of science and engineering students devised GLINT (Gravitational-wave Laser INterferometry Triangle), a space mission concept capable of measuring gravitational waves emitted by black holes that have formed at the early periods after the big bang. Morespecifically at redshifts of 15 < z < 30(∼ 0.1 − 0.3× 10$^{9}$ years after the big bang) in the frequency range 0.01 − 1 Hz. GLINT design strain sensitivity of $5\times 10^{-24}\,1/\sqrt {\text {Hz}}$ will theoretically allow the study of early black holes formations as well as merging events and collapses. The laser interferometry, the technology used for measuring gravitational waves, monitors the separation of test masses in free-fall, where a change of separation indicates the passage of a gravitational wave. The test masses will be shielded from disturbing forces in a constellation of three geocentric orbiting satellites.
Mots clés
Gravitational waves
Supermassive black holes
Laser interferometry
laser: interferometer
gravitational radiation detector
gravitational radiation: emission
black hole: formation
mass: solar
radiation: electromagnetic
big bang
general relativity
detector: sensitivity
engineering
detector: satellite
coalescence
gravitation: collapse