Genomics of Multiple Myeloma

Sébastien Robiou-Du-Pont (1) , Alice Cleynen (2) , Charlotte Fontan (1) , Michel Attal (1) , Nikhil C Munshi (3) , Jill Corre (1) , Herve Avet-Loiseau (4)

1 IUCT Oncopole - UMR 1037 - Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse - Oncopole
2 IMAG - Institut Montpelliérain Alexander Grothendieck
3 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [Boston]
4 Service d'hématologie clinique

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by wide variability in the chromosomal/genetic changes present in tumor plasma cells. Genetically, MM can be divided into two groups according to ploidy and hyperdiploidy versus nonhyperdiploidy. Several studies in gene expression profiling attempted to identify subentities in MM without convincing results. These studies mostly confirmed the cytogenetic data and subclassified patients according to 14q32 translocations and ploidy. More-recent data that are based on whole-exome sequencing have confirmed this heterogeneity and show many gene mutations but without a unifying mutation. These newer studies have shown the frequent alteration of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway. The most interesting data have demonstrated subclonality in all patients with MM, including subclonal mutations of supposed driver genes KRAS, NRAS, and BRAF.

Domaines: Cancer; Génomique, Transcriptomique et Protéomique [q-bio.GN]

Sébastien Robiou-Du-Pont, Alice Cleynen, Charlotte Fontan, Michel Attal, Nikhil C Munshi, et al.. Genomics of Multiple Myeloma. Journal of Clinical Oncology, 2017, 35 (9), pp.963-967. ⟨10.1200/JCO.2016.70.6705⟩. ⟨hal-01813387⟩