Finite element modelling of permeability in brittle materials cracked in tension
Résumé
Cracking in structures significantly affects their durability, water transfer and ultimately their safety. This structural disorder provides a preferential path for the penetration of fluids and contributes significantly to the deterioration of the material. In this work, a macroscopic model intended to predict the change of permeability with respect to cracking is proposed. The development reported here is implemented within an orthotropic continuum damage model able to calculate crack openings. The proposed model assumes an initially isotropic permeability tensor, which becomes anisotropic with damage. The objectivity of the hydraulic response toward the finite element mesh is ensured by considering the crack localization problem when building the permeability tensor. Finally, the model is used to simulate cracking and permeability variations on virtual and real structures. The simulation results are compared with experimental water flow rate measurements through a real reinforced concrete element subjected to tensile loading as found in the literature. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.